Khalkha Mongol 90%, Tukic, Russian

Buddhist Lamaist 50%, Shamanist and Christian 6%, Muslim 4%, none 40%

Economic reforms continue. The country's development will depend on considerable infrastructure investment, particularly in the energy, transportation and communication sectors.

Mongolian People's Army (MPA), Mongolian People's Air Force (MPAF); there is no navy.

A valid passport is required for American visitors. No visa is required for Americans visiting for fewer than 90 days; however, visitors planning to stay in Mongolia for more than 30 days are required to register with the Office of Immigration, Naturalization and Foreign Citizens in Ulaanbaatar within the first seven days of arrival. American visitors who fail to register and who stay longer than 30 days, even for reasons beyond their control, will be stopped at departure, temporarily denied exit, and fined. It is recommended that visitors who will be in Mongolia beyond 30 days register with the Office of Immigration, Naturalization and Foreign Citizens within the first seven days of their arrival. Americans planning to work or study in Mongolia should apply for a visa at a Mongolian embassy or consulate outside of Mongolia. Failure to do so may result in authorities denying registration, levying a fine, and requiring that the visitor leave the country. Travelers arriving or departing Mongolia through China or Russia should be aware of Chinese and Russian visa regulations (transiting twice will require a double- or multiple-entry visa) and note that some land-entry points have varying days and hours of operation. Many small land border posts do not operate on a fixed schedule. Travelers need to check with immigration authorities to make certain the post they intend to use will be open when they want to enter. Travelers planning travel to Russia should get visas prior to arriving in Mongolia, because they are difficult to obtain at the Russian Embassy in Mongolia. For more information on these requirements, see the Country Specific Information for Russia and China. Travelers without Mongolian visas are subject to an exit tax payable either in U.S. dollars or Mongolian Tugrugs upon departure. American citizen visitors to Mongolia do not require a visa if they stay less than 30 days and no fee is payable if they depart within the 30 day period. If they stay longer without having registered with immigration, a penalty fee will be assessed at time of departure. Travelers should inquire whether the exit tax is included with the price of the airline ticket at the time of purchase. In an effort to prevent international child abduction, many governments have initiated procedures at entry/exit points. These often include requiring documentary evidence of relationship and permission for the child’s travel from the parent(s) or legal guardian if not present. Having such documentation on hand, even if not required, may facilitate entry/departure. Visit the Embassy of Mongolia web site for the most current visa information. Travelers can also contact the Embassy of Mongolia at 2833 M Street NW, Washington, DC 20007, telephone (202) 333-7117 for the most current visa information. Information about dual nationality or the prevention of international child abduction can be found on our web site. For further information about customs regulations, please read our Customs Information sheet.

Airports:  44, Airports w/paved runways:  12

Ulan Bator – Chinggis Khaan International Airport (ULN/ZMUB)
Ulan Bator Airport, Mongolia, Ulan Bator, MONGOLIA
Tel: +976 (0)1 31-31-63. +976 (0)1 32-21-44
Fax: +976 (0)1 37-99-73

There have been no significant acts of terrorism, kidnapping, criminal incidents, or extremist activity directed against US interests in Mongolia. There are no regions of instability in the country. US citizens are advised to avoid protests and street demonstrations that occur occasionally in Ulaanbaatar, as the demonstrations may become unruly. Over the past few years there has been a significant rise in street crime in Mongolia, particularly in Ulaanbaatar, the capital. Violent crime is increasing, and it is not advisable to walk alone through the city after dark.

Infant MR total:  42.65 deaths/1,000 live births

Life expectancy at birth:  TOTAL 66.99 years  (male 64.61/female 69.48)

Required:  None

Recommended:  Hep A & B, Japanese Encephalitis, Rabies, Typhoid
Boosters:  MMR, DPT

Dengue, filariasis, Japanese encephalitis, leishmaniasis, and plague are diseases carried by insects that also occur in East Asia. Respiratory infections (origins often undefined) are common in travelers to East Asia.

Measles remains endemic in the region, and infection has occurred in adopted children from China and in travelers to the region. Influenza may occur during all months of the year. Rabies is widespread in Mongolia.

Medical facilities in Mongolia are very limited and do not meet most western standards, especially for emergency health care requirements. Many brand-name western medicines are unavailable. Ulaanbaatar, the capital, has the majority of medical facilities; outside of Ulaanbaatar medical facilities and treatment are extremely limited or non-existent. Doctors and hospitals usually expect immediate payment in cash for health services.

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1) continues to cause outbreaks in domestic and wild bird populations and has caused human cases in several East Asian countries. Avoid all direct contact with birds, including domestic poultry (such as chickens and ducks) and wild birds, and avoid places such as poultry farms and bird markets where live birds are raised or kept.

Country Calling Code:  +976

Internet Country Code:  .mn